The 50th BCS (Bangladesh Civil Service) Exam represents a milestone in the competitive landscape of Bangladesh government recruitment. As competition intensifies, the standard of the Written Exam is shifting towards more analytical, data-driven, and conceptual questions.
To help you stay ahead, we have compiled Subject-wise Sample Questions (Real-Exam Level) accompanied by Detailed Model Answers. These samples mimic the current trend of the PSC (Public Service Commission) questions.
1. English (Subject Code: 003)
Topic: Essay Writing
Question: Write an essay on “Smart Bangladesh: Vision 2041 and the Challenges Ahead.”
Model Answer Structure & Key Points:
- Introduction:
- Define “Smart Bangladesh” as the successor to “Digital Bangladesh.”
- Mention the four pillars: Smart Citizen, Smart Government, Smart Economy, and Smart Society.
- Thesis statement: While the vision aims to transform Bangladesh into a developed nation by 2041, infrastructural and skill-based challenges must be addressed.
- Body Paragraph 1: The Four Pillars:
- Briefly explain how technology will integrate into governance (paperless offices) and economy (cashless society).
- Body Paragraph 2: Economic Impact:
- Shift from labor-intensive to knowledge-based economy.
- Target of reaching High-Income Country status (GNI per capita > $13,845 approx).
- Body Paragraph 3: The Challenges (Crucial Section):
- Digital Divide: The gap between urban and rural internet access.
- Cyber Security: Vulnerability to data breaches.
- Skill Gap: The need to upskill the youth for 4IR (Fourth Industrial Revolution) technologies like AI and IoT.
- Conclusion:
- Summarize that Smart Bangladesh is not just about technology but about inclusivity.
- Concluding thought: “With proper policy implementation and public-private partnership, Vision 2041 is attainable.”
2. Bangladesh Affairs (Subject Code: 005)
Topic: Economic Development
Question: Discuss the implications of Bangladesh’s graduation from LDC (Least Developed Country) status. What steps should be taken to sustain export growth post-graduation?
Model Answer:
Introduction:
Bangladesh is set to graduate from the LDC category in 2026. This is a testament to the country’s socio-economic resilience but brings mixed implications.
Implications of Graduation:
- Loss of Preferential Trade Access: The biggest challenge is the loss of Duty-Free Quota-Free (DFQF) access to European markets (EBA – Everything But Arms) and other developed nations.
- Subsidy Restrictions: Stricter WTO regulations regarding subsidies for agriculture and export industries.
- Credit Rating Boost: Graduation improves the country’s image, attracting more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and allowing access to international loans at competitive rates.
Steps to Sustain Export Growth:
- FTA and PTA: Bangladesh must aggressively pursue Free Trade Agreements (FTA) and Preferential Trade Agreements (PTA) with major trading partners (e.g., Japan, China, India).
- Diversification: Moving beyond RMG (Ready-Made Garments). Focus on ICT, Leather, Pharmaceuticals, and Light Engineering.
- Productivity Improvement: Adopting automation to reduce production costs to remain competitive without duty benefits.
- GSP+ Negotiation: Lobbying with the EU for GSP+ status to extend trade benefits beyond the transition period.
Conclusion:
While the loss of trade privileges poses a shock, strategic diplomacy and diversification will ensure Bangladesh thrives as a developing nation.
3. International Affairs (Subject Code: 007)
Topic: Geopolitics
Question: What is the ‘Indo-Pacific Strategy’ (IPS)? How should Bangladesh balance its foreign policy amidst the rivalry between major powers in this region?
Model Answer:
Definition of IPS:
The Indo-Pacific Strategy (IPS) refers to the geopolitical framework initiated primarily by the USA and its allies (Japan, Australia, India – The QUAD) to ensure a “free, open, inclusive, and secure” Indo-Pacific region. It focuses on maritime security, freedom of navigation, and countering the dominance of any single power (implicitly China).
Bangladesh’s Strategic Position:
Located at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh is a gateway between South and Southeast Asia, making it vital for both the IPS proponents and China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
Balancing Strategy for Bangladesh:
- Friendship to All, Malice to None: Stick to the core foreign policy principle laid out by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
- Economic Diplomacy: Accept infrastructure funding from China (BRI) for development while maintaining security and defense cooperation with the US and India.
- Focus on the Bay of Bengal: promote the “Indo-Pacific Outlook” of Bangladesh, which emphasizes economic connectivity and maritime safety rather than military alliances.
- Avoiding Blocks: Bangladesh must explicitly state that it will not join any military block (like QUAD or AUKUS) but will cooperate on humanitarian and economic grounds.
4. Mathematical Reasoning (Subject Code: 008)
Question: A cistern can be filled by two pipes A and B in 10 hours and 12 hours respectively. Both pipes are opened together, but after 2 hours, pipe A is turned off. How much total time will it take to fill the cistern?
Detailed Solution:
Step 1: Calculate the part filled in 1 hour
- Pipe A fills in 1 hour = 1/10 part
- Pipe B fills in 1 hour = 1/12 part
Step 2: Calculate work done together in 2 hours
Work done by (A + B) in 1 hour:
= 1/10 + 1/12
= (6 + 5) / 60
= 11/60 part
Therefore, in 2 hours, they fill:
= (11/60) × 2
= 11/30 part
Step 3: Calculate remaining part
Remaining Part = 1 – (11/30)
= (30 – 11) / 30
= 19/30 part
Step 4: Time taken by Pipe B to fill the remaining part
- Since Pipe A is closed, Pipe B has to do the remaining work.
- Pipe B fills 1 part in 12 hours.
- Therefore, Pipe B fills 19/30 part in:
= 12 × (19/30) hours
= (12 × 19) / 30
= (2 × 19) / 5 [Dividing by 6]
= 38 / 5
= 7.6 hours
(Note: 0.6 hours = 0.6 × 60 = 36 minutes. So, 7 hours 36 minutes).
Step 5: Calculate Total Time
- Initial time (both pipes open) = 2 hours
- Later time (only pipe B) = 7.6 hours
Total Time = 2 + 7.6 = 9.6 hours (or 9 hours 36 minutes).
Answer: 9 hours 36 minutes.
5. General Science (Subject Code: 009)
Topic: Modern Technology
Question: What is Nanotechnology? Describe three major applications of Nanotechnology in the medical field.
Model Answer:
Definition:
Nanotechnology is the branch of technology that deals with the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale (usually 1 to 100 nanometers). It involves controlling individual atoms and molecules to create materials with new properties.
Applications in Medicine (Nanomedicine):
- Targeted Drug Delivery: Nanoparticles can carry drugs directly to diseased cells (e.g., cancer cells) without damaging healthy surrounding tissues. This reduces side effects significantly (e.g., in Chemotherapy).
- Diagnostic Techniques: Quantum dots and gold nanoparticles are used as contrast agents in medical imaging, allowing for the early detection of tumors or arterial plaque at a molecular level.
- Regenerative Medicine: Nanofibers are used in tissue engineering to create scaffolds that mimic the body’s natural tissues, helping to repair damaged bones, skin, or cartilage.
Tips for 50th BCS Written Preparation:
- Data is King: For Bangladesh and International Affairs, always support your arguments with recent data (Economic Review, World Bank reports).
- Time Management: In the Math section, do not get stuck on one problem.
- Handwriting: Ensure your handwriting is legible; presentation carries marks in the written exam.
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